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class 10 science chapter 1 important points to revision

Chapter 1: Chemical Reactions and Equations

  1. Chemical Reaction

    • Definition: A process where reactants transform into products.
    • Example: Iron + Oxygen → Iron Oxide (Rusting)

  2. Reactants and Products

    • Reactants: Substances that undergo change.
    • Products: Substances formed as a result of the reaction.

  3. Types of Chemical Reactions

    • Combination Reaction
      • Definition: Two or more substances combine to form a single product.
      • Example: A + B → AB
    • Decomposition Reaction
      • Definition: A single compound breaks down into two or more simpler substances.
      • Example: AB → A + B
    • Displacement Reaction
      • Definition: One element replaces another in a compound.
      • Example: A + BC → AC + B
    • Double Displacement Reaction
      • Definition: Exchange of ions between two compounds.
      • Example: AB + CD → AD + CB

  4. Balancing Chemical Equations

    • Importance: Law of Conservation of Mass states that matter cannot be created or destroyed.
    • Method: Adjust coefficients to ensure the number of atoms of each element is equal on both sides.

  5. Exothermic and Endothermic Reactions

    • Exothermic: Releases energy (usually in the form of heat).
      • Example: Combustion of fuels.
    • Endothermic: Absorbs energy.
      • Example: Photosynthesis.

  6. Indicators of Chemical Reactions

    • Color Change: Indicates new substances forming.
    • Temperature Change: Heat released or absorbed.
    • Gas Production: Bubbles or fizzing.
    • Precipitate Formation: Solid forms from a solution.

  7. Applications of Chemical Reactions

    • Industry: Used in manufacturing processes.
    • Biology: Fundamental to metabolic processes.
    • Environmental Science: Understanding pollution and remediation.

Important Terms:

  • Catalyst: A substance that speeds up a chemical reaction without being consumed.
  • Activation Energy: The minimum energy required to initiate a reaction.
  • Endothermic: Describes a reaction that absorbs energy from its surroundings.

💫💫Feel free to ask for more details on any specific topic in comment.

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