Resources and Development

Definition of Resources

Definition of usable elements in environment

Resources are everything in our environment that satisfy human needs and are technologically accessible, economically feasible, and culturally acceptable.

Types of Resources

Classification based on origin, exhaustibility, etc.

• By Origin:
  • Biotic – from living organisms
  • Abiotic – non-living things like minerals
• By Exhaustibility:
  • Renewable – replenishable (forests)
  • Non-renewable – finite stock (fossil fuels)
• By Ownership: Individual, Community, National, International

Development of Resources

Technology + skills = usable resources

Using technology and human skills to convert resources into usable forms. Focus on sustainable development.

Resource Planning

Efficient and equitable resource use

Assess availability, plan usage considering legal, economic, social needs. Ensure sustainability and equity.

Land Resources & Utilization

Land types and usage in India

Land quality depends on soil, climate, slope. Used for agriculture, forests, pastures, waste.

Soil Types of India

Various soils & their significance

• Alluvial – fertile (Indo-Gangetic plains)
• Black – cotton (Deccan)
• Red – iron-rich (Peninsular)
• Laterite – building (Rainy areas)

Soil Erosion & Conservation

Causes and remedies of erosion

Causes: wind, water, overgrazing, deforestation

Conservation: terrace farming, afforestation, check dams

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